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Background

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Driven by input from

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the scientific community, the Cancer Imaging Program (CIP)

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stands at the

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crossroad of two powerful scientific requisites

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: the need for cross-disciplinary research and the increase of inter-institutional data

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sharing

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.

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The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA)

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is building a research community focused on connecting cancer phenotypes to genotypes by

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providing clinical images matched to

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subjects from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

TCGA began in 2006 as a three-year pilot jointly sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). The TCGA pilot project (focused initially on glioblastoma, ovary, and lung cancers) confirmed that an atlas of genomic changes could be constructed for specific cancer types. It also showed that a national network networks of research and technology teams working on related projects could pool their efforts, create an economy of scale, and develop an infrastructure for making the data publicly accessible. Importantly, it proved that making the data freely available would enable distributed researchers Freely available data enables researchers across the world to make and validate important discoveries. The success of that pilot led encouraged the National Institutes of Health to commit major new resources to TCGA (NIH) to invest in TCGA’s efforts to collect and characterize more than 20 additional tumor types and make findings freely accessible for researchers to download via TCGA Data Portal.

As an opportunity to leverage that this wealth of new biomedical knowledge, CIP committed substantial effort to gather and place the used its agreements with TCGA Tissue Site Source institutions to collect clinical diagnostic images for TCIA that match the genomically analyzed TCGA tissue cases in The Cancer Imaging Archive. CIP encouraged an ad hoc image research team to study glioblastoma. The Cancer Imaging Archive now contains a TCGA GBM collection with images from more than 200 subjects whose molecular and clinical patient data can be accessed in the TCGA Data Portal. A multi-institutional team coordinated by Dr Adam Flanders of Thomas Jefferson University assembled researchers from across the country to create the TCGA Glioma Phenotype Research Group. In less than a year's time they have quickly demonstrated the advantages of such scientific collaboration by their rapid scientific progress with a number of publications and abstracts presented and in the pipeline for future venues.

Presently, CIP is developing agreements with many of the TCGA Tissue Site Source institutions to recover and place in the Image Archive collections of diagnostic images that match the genomic data now being deposited in the publically accessible TCGA Data Portal on cancers of the brain (GBM/LGG), breast (BRCA), renal (KIRC), lung (LUAD), and in due time, many of the future 20-plus tumors that TCGA will characterize as the program moves forward.

Ongoing Research Efforts

Continuing these efforts CIP is working to enable ad hoc multi-institutional research teams for analysis of these data sets as they are collected. Efforts have already begun or are being initiated for the following TCGA tissue types:

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the 20-plus cancer types that TCGA has characterized. 

 

Ongoing Research Efforts

Imaging Source Site (ISS) Groups are being populated and governed by participants from institutions that have provided imaging data to the archive for a given cancer type. Modeled after TCGA analysis groups, ISS groups are given the opportunity to publish a marker paper for a given cancer type per the guidelines in the table above. This opportunity will generate increased participation in building these multi-institutional data sets as they become an open community resource. Current ISS groups include:

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TCGA Collections Publication Guidelines

TCIA publication guidelines, derived from the policy outlined by TCGA, must be followed in addition to the TCGA Data Portal publication policy: http://cancergenome.nih.gov/abouttcga/policies/publicationguidelines.

There are no limitations on publications containing analyses using TCGA-linked imaging data sets, if the data set meets one of the following three freedom-to-publish criteria:

  1. A marker paper has been published on that tumor type; or
  2. It has been 12 months since the authors’ DICOM data for 100 cases of a given tumor type have been published on TCIA; or
  3. The author receives specific approval from the TCGA ISS groups representing any relevant tumor types.

The specific status of each tumor data set is available on the Data Usage Policies and Restrictions page. Do not hesitate to contact help@cancerimagingarchive.net with any questions.

 

References

The following links contain publications from the main TCGA project as well as their posted publication guidelines:

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Included below are some posters and presentations which help summarize the CIP TCGA Radiology Initiative and its supporting components such as TCIA.

TCGA Publications and Publication Guidelines

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