Summary

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor of the adrenal cortex with a reported annual incidence of one case per million population. ACC is a highly aggressive, highly fatal tumor with 5-year overall survival rates ranging from 14% to 44%. Diagnosis of ACC is primarily based on histopathological parameters from resected tumors, which include Ki-67 expression status. The Ki-67 index is one of the most important established prognostic markers for local recurrence of ACC. Radiomic feature extraction showed a significant association between radiomic signature and Ki-67 expression status in ACC.

This retrospectively acquired data includes contrast enhanced CT imaging studies of 53 confirmed ACC patients between 2006 to 2018 with available clinical and pathological data, including Ki-67 index. Semi-automatic segmentation of the adrenal tumor was created using AMIRA, then manually refined by an experienced radiologist. Voxel level segmentation of the adrenal lesion are included as well. The segmentations of each contrast-enhanced CT were done for the purpose of radiomic features extraction. 

The participants in this dataset fulfilled these inclusion criteria:

1. Pathologically proven Adrenocortical carcinoma
2. Underwent surgical resection of the tumour
3. The Ki-67 index was determined as part of the histopathological evaluation of the resected tissue
4. Imaging data (pre-resection contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen) were available. 

Data from patients whose Ki-67 was quantified in biopsied tissue samples rather than from resected whole tumor, were excluded from this study. This exclusion was based on previous studies concluding that Ki-67 quantification should be based on tissue samples collected from the whole tumour.

There was no publicly-available library for adrenal lesions prior to this dataset.  It can serve as a training set for machine learning algorithms for various purposes including segmentation and classification of adrenal tumors. We used the radiomic features extracted to predict the Ki-67 index (through regression) without the need of surgical intervention as described in this paper.  

Moawad, A. W., Ahmed, A. A., ElMohr, M., Eltaher, M., Habra, M. A., Fisher, S., Perrier, N., Zhang, M., Fuentes, D., & Elsayes, K. (2023). Voxel-level segmentation of pathologically-proven Adrenocortical carcinoma with Ki-67 expression (Adrenal-ACC-Ki67-Seg) [Data set]. The Cancer Imaging Archive. https://doi.org/10.7937/1FPG-VM46

Ahmed, A. A., Elmohr, M. M., Fuentes, D., Habra, M. A., Fisher, S. B., Perrier, N. D., Zhang, M., & Elsayes, K. M. (2020). Radiomic mapping model for prediction of Ki-67 expression in adrenocortical carcinoma. In Clinical Radiology (Vol. 75, Issue 6, p. 479.e17-479.e22). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.01.012

Clark K, Vendt B, Smith K, Freymann J, Kirby J, Koppel P, Moore S, Phillips S, Maffitt D, Pringle M, Tarbox L, Prior F. The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA): Maintaining and Operating a Public Information Repository, Journal of Digital Imaging, Volume 26, Number 6, December, 2013, pp 1045-1057. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-013-9622-7