Summary

The TCGA Glioma Phenotype Research Group is part of the CIP TCGA Radiology Initiative focused on analyzing images from the TCGA-GBM collection. Images which correlate to the Glioblastoma Multiforme tissue data in the TCGA Data Portal are continuing to be gathered for submission to TCIA.

According to the TCGA page on Glioblastoma Multiforme, researchers have already made the following types of discoveries with this data:

Identified a new subtype of GBM that affects younger adults and has an increased survival rate. A subset of GBM tumors had specific chemical changes or 'marks' called methylation of a large group of genes. The methylation of these genes may account for the improved survival of these patients when compared to patients with other subtypes of GBM. These findings could aid in development of new treatment options for these patients.
Recognized four distinct molecular subtypes of GBM that respond differently to aggressive therapies. Patients with one subtype survive about 50 percent longer than those with other GBM subtypes. Knowing a tumor's subtype could help match each patient to the most effective therapies. See more information about TCGA brain tumor subtype studies.
Identified possible mechanisms that can cause some GBM tumors to become resistant to therapy after treatment with the standard chemotherapy called temozolomide. Treatment with temozolomide can cause gene mutations that help tumor cells become resistant. If GBM tumors return after successful treatment with temozolomide, the new gene mutations make the tumor resistant to further treatment with the drug. This finding could be used to develop new drugs that will not activate this drug resistance mechanism.
Pinpointed four gene mutations in GBM tumors that may provide new insights into the biology of this disease.
- NF1, a gene identified as the cause of neurofibromatosis 1, a rare, inherited disorder characterized by uncontrolled tissue growth along nerves
- ERBB2 , a gene involved in breast cancer
- TP53, a gene involved in many types of cancers
- PIK3R1 , a gene that controls an enzyme that is found in many cancers

Research and Publications

Per TCGA and TCIA Guidelines there are no outstanding limitations from the freedom-to-publish criteria for these data sets:

Data Source	Status
TCGA Data Portal Publication Guidelines	No restrictions; all data available without limitations
TCIA Data Usage Policies and Restrictions	No restrictions; image data available without limitations

We are currently hosting open t-cons for discussion of TCGA glioma based research projects (TCGA-GBM) on Wednesdays at 3pm Eastern. Please contact us at cancerimagingarchive@mail.nih.gov if you would like to join the calls or our mailing list to be otherwise kept in the loop on these topics.

TCGA-GBM Marker Paper and Image Source Sites (ISS)

Imaging Source Site (ISS) Groups are populated and governed by participants from institutions that have provided imaging data to the archive for a given cancer type. Modeled after TCGA analysis groups, these groups are given the opportunity to publish a marker paper for a given cancer type per the aforementioned publication policy. The TCGA Glioma Phenotype Research Group's formation pre-dated current TCIA policies on TCGA related publications and therefore there is no ISS marker paper for TCGA-GBM imaging data. However several publications and numerous conference presentations utilizing this data have been generated by the research group, which are outlined below in the References section. Current TCGA-GBM source sites include:

Thomas Jefferson University
Henry Ford Hospital
University of California, San Francisco
MD Anderson Cancer Center
Emory University
Mayo Clinic
CWRU School of Medicine

Upcoming Events

03/13 - Dr. David Gutman will present on 3-D based quantitative analysis of brain tumors, covering his work in segmenting both T1 Post-GD lesions as well as the Flair envelope, and development of a computational pipeline to both register and extract imaging features from the MRI images included in the TCGA GBM data set.
03/20 - Dr. Dan Bratt will present an introduction to large scale analysis of the TCGA lower grade gliomas and a discussion of preliminary data coming from these tumors.
04/10 - RSNA 2013 Abstract deadline is 12pm CST
05/18 - ASNR meeting begins in San Diego (multiple abstracts from group members were accepted to this meeting)

References

The following links contain publications from the main TCGA project, as well as their posted publication guidelines.

Publications utilizing TCGA-GBM imaging data from TCIA:

Citation	TCIA Shared Lists	Supporting Materials
Jain R, Poisson L, Narang J, Gutman D, Scarpace L, Hwang SN, Holder C, Wintermark M, Colen RR, Kirby J, Freymann J, Brat DJ, Jaffe C, Mikkelsen T. Genomic Mapping and Survival Prediction in Glioblastoma: Molecular Subclassification Strengthened by Hemodynamic Imaging Biomarkers. <ac:structured-macro ac:name="unmigrated-wiki-markup" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="4d6ed49d-04dd-441e-a144-8c3ff75f8aeb"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[Radiology. 2012 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print] ([link	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23238158])	TCGA-GBM DSC T2* MR Perfusion - contains the raw perfusion image studies]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:structured-macro> TCGA-GBM DSC T2* nordicICE - contains the post-processed nordiceICE perfusion image studies	Spreadsheet - contains scaling factors, rCBV values, and scanner info Text files – contains text dumps of DICOM elements for nordicICE perfusion image studies
Zinn PO, Sathyan P, Mahajan B, Bruyere J, Hegi M, et al. (2012) A Novel Volume-Age-KPS (VAK) Glioblastoma Classification Identifies a Prognostic Cognate microRNA-Gene Signature. PLoS ONE 7(8): e41522. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041522 (link)
Zinn PO, Majadan B, Sathyan P, Singh SK, Majumder S, et al. 2011 Radiogenomic Mapping of Edema/Cellular Invasion MRI-Phenotypes in Glioblastoma Multiforme. PLoS ONE 6(10): e25451. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025451 (link)	Radiogenomic Mapping of Edema/Cellular Invasion MRI-Phenotypes

Note: For more information on how Shared Lists are used to cite and share data please view our TCIA Citation Guidelines.

Conference abstracts utilizing TCGA-GBM imaging data from TCIA:

RSNA 2012 (Nov 25-Nov 30, 2012, Chicago, IL)
ASNR 2012 (April 21-26, 2012, New York, NY)
RSNA 2011 (Nov 27-Dec 2, 2011, Chicago, IL)
SNO 2011 (Nov 17-20, 2011, Orange County, CA)
The Cancer Genome Atlas Network Symposium (Nov 17-18, 2011, Washington, DC)
- Neuroimaging Predictors of Survival, Pathology, and Molecular Profiles in TCGA Glioblastomas. David A Gutman, Lee A.D. Cooper, Joel Saltz, Adam Flanders, Dan Brat and the TCGA Glioma Phenotype Research Group (Slides, Presentation Video)
ASNR 2011 (June 4-9, 2011, Seattle, WA)